Substrate In Vitro Evidence:
1. Transport assays using baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells demonstrated high affinity of BSEP for the bile salt taurochlorate (Km 4.25 uM). Inhibition constants for other bile salts were 11 uM for glycocholate, 7 uM for glycochenodeoxycholate, and 28 uM for taurochenodeoxycholate. Taurochlorate transport was competitively inhibited by CsA (Ki 0.5 uM), rifampicin (Ki 31 uM), and glibenclamide (Ki 27.5 uM). Byrne, JA et al. Gastroenterology 2002 Nov, 123(5):1649-58 PMID 12404239
2. Seven PFIC2-associated missense mutations were introduced into rat BSEP. Localization and transport function of the expressed protein were studied in MDCK and Sf9 cells. Five mutations altered protein trafficking. Three mutations abolished transport activity, perhaps due to protein misfolding. One mutation caused rapid (possibly proteasome-mediated) degradation of BSEP. Wang, L; Soroka, CJ; Boyer, JL. J Clin Invest 2002 Oct, 110(7):965-72 PMID 12370274
Substrate In Vivo Evidence:
1. Mutations in ABCB11 are responsible for progressive familial cholestasis (PFIC2), a cholestatic disorder causing severe liver disease in children. Genotype/phenotype studies in patients with polymorphic forms of ABCB11 are ongoing. Thompson, R; Strautnieks, S. Semin Liver Dis 2001 Nov, 21(4):545-50 PMID 11745042 (review)
Tissue Distribution Evidence:
1. Northern blotting revealed dominant (if not exclusive) rat BSEP expression in the liver; in situ immunofluorescence studies demonstrated more specifically expression in the canalicular microvilli and subcanalicular vesicles of hepatocytes. Gerloff, T et al. JBC 1998 Apr 17, 273(16):10046-50
2. Northern blotting revealed exclusive expression of mouse BSEP in the liver. Green, RM; Hoda, F; Ward, KL. Gene 2000 Jan 4, 241(1):117-23 PMID 10607905
Transmembrane prediction: Non-synonymous amino acid changes shown in red, indels (insertions and deletions) in blue, and synonymous changes in green. Exon(s) indicated by black outlines.
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